At 19, Yoni, an Israeli man, has to put aside his plans to join the military and instead enter rehab for drug abuse that has worsened since Hamas' October 7 attack.

Health professionals said Yoni's case is not an exception in wartime Israel, noting a surge in drug and alcohol abuse as well as other addictive behaviors.

Yoni, who asked to use a pseudonym to protect his privacy, told AFP he had started taking drugs recreationally before, but "after the war it seemed to really get worse."

"It's just a way to escape from reality, this whole thing," said the resident of Beersheba in southern Israel who lost a friend, Nir Beizer, in the Hamas attack that sparked the ongoing Gaza war.

Psychiatrist Shaul Lev-Ran, founder of the Israel Center on Addiction, said that "as a natural reaction to emotional stress and as a search for relief, we've seen a spectacular rise in the consumption of various addictive sedative substances."

A study carried out by his team, based in the central city of Netanya, found "a connection between indirect exposure to the October 7 events and an increase in addictive substances consumption" of about 25%.

Lev-Ran told AFP they have identified a rise in the use of "prescription drugs, illegal drugs, alcohol, or addictive behavior like gambling."

One in 4 Israelis have increased their addictive substance use, according to the study, which was conducted in November and December on a representative sample of 1,000 Israelis. In 2022, before the war, 1 in 7 struggled with drug addiction.

Contacted by AFP, the Palestinian Authority said there was no equivalent data on addiction and mental health for the Palestinian territories.

'Shock'

The October 7 attack, when Palestinian militants stormed into southern Israel and attacked towns, communities, army bases and an outdoor rave, caused a real "shock" in Israeli society, Lev-Ran said.

The study found that "the closer individuals were to the trauma on October 7, the higher the risk" of addictive behaviors.

The Hamas attack resulted in the deaths of 1,198 people, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures.

Militants also seized 251 people, 111 of whom are still captive in Gaza, including 39 the Israeli military says are dead.

Israel's retaliatory military campaign in the Gaza Strip has killed at least 39,790 people, according to health ministry of the Hamas-run territory, which does not give details of civilian and militant deaths.

The Israel Center on Addiction study found an increase in addictive substance consumption among survivors of the October 7 attack, but also among Israelis displaced since then from communities near the Gaza border or in the north, near Lebanon.

"Some who had never consumed addictive substances started using cannabis, some used substances but increased their use, and some were already treated for addiction and relapsed," said Lev-Ran.

'Forget'

Lev-Rab said Israel was already "at the outset of an epidemic in which large swathes of the population will develop an addiction to substances."

The study found that the use of sleeping pills and painkillers has also skyrocketed, by 180% and 70% respectively.

The psychiatrist gave the example of one of his patients, a man who demanded "something" to help him cope and be able to sleep while his son was fighting in Gaza.

At a bar in Jerusalem, Matan, a soldier deployed to the Palestinian territory who gave only his first name for privacy concerns, told AFP that using drugs "helps forget" the harsh reality.

Yoni said that in the early months of the war, his friends and him would take "party drugs like ecstasy, MDMA, LSD" recreationally "in order not to be bored and not to be afraid."

Then, Yoni started taking drugs "alone at home," which he said eventually led him to realize "that I need to go to rehab."

Once out, he wants to complete his military service, Yoni said, to "prove to myself, prove to the family, that I am indeed capable of more, and [can] contribute to the community like everyone else."